Leadership Styles in Professional Nursing Essay Example for Free

Leadership Styles in Professional Nursing Essay According to Hood (as cited in Agnes, 2005) â€Å"Leadership is defined as a process of influencing others or guiding or directing others to attain mutually agreed upon goals† (p. 457). This paper will describe four different leadership styles, and the effectiveness of each style as dependent upon the situation. Review of the Professional Nursing Literature All nurses are leaders but may not recognize the different types of leadership or traits of an effective leader (Sims, 2009). There are four leadership styles to consider, the first one is autocratic or authoritarian. The autocratic leader is someone who usually needs to dominate others. The autocratic approach is often one-sided and the leader is likely attempting to achieve a single goal or objective (Sims, 2009). Autocratic leadership is a behavior in which a leader makes choices with no involvement from any peers, regardless if those ideas are better suited for the organization. This type of leader requires constant pressure and direction to get the task done. This type of leader provides clear expectations for what, when, and how a process should be done without consulting employees. Organizations that have this type of leader tend to see a high turn-over of employees and absenteeism for the simple fact that employees don’t feel valued. This approach would not be the way to get the best performance from the team. The implementation of this style of leadership could be used in a situation where an immediate decision needs to be made such as a crisis in an emergency room. The second leadership style is democratic or participative. This style is one that encourages employees to be a part of the decision making process. This type of leader keeps employees informed about everything that affects the work being done, and shares in the problem solving situation. A drawback of this type of leader is that the leader could be viewed as not being able to make a decision; therefore, the employees may not respect this style and view this leader as not being a true leader. The democratic leader uses the team approach and is the coach in the process, but has the final say when the group comes to a consensus. Implementation of a democratic leadership style can best be executed in a situation where a process or practice change is needed, such as documentation on electronic medical records. With this leadership style the leader can get staff ideas and suggestions for a smooth transition to the change. This not only increases job satisfaction by involving team members, but it also helps to develop people’s skills. This method inspires a group effort, but it can take lots of time for the leader to develop and come to an end to the topic at hand (Sims, 2009). The leader may spend a lot of time in discussions, sending emails, or scheduling meetings. This leader may be happy to do this to see that staff are working together to achieve a better outcome, but it can also be a time-consuming process. A good democratic leader encourages staff participation, is supportive, but never loses sight that the leader is the one responsible for the final decision. This leader must accept that the outcome may turn out differently than originally planned. Transactional leadership is the third style, and is one where the leader focuses on the day to day tasks of the team, and makes sure that the work is completed. Transactional leadership is really a type of management, not a true leader style, because the focus is on short-term tasks. Transactional leaders set a goal, provide directions, and then reward the employee if performance is met at an acceptable level (McGuire Kennerly, 2006). Transactional leadership style can best be used when a state survey is taking place and if successful, then reward will be given to the employees. These leaders use this style to get the desired outcomes. Transactional leaders give tasks to be done by the employee, and if it’s done wrong then the employee is accountable. If the task is completed to this leader’s standard, then the employee is rewarded. This type of leader doesn’t focus on the staff’s needs, or personal development, instead the staff must adhere to what the leader wants. Transactional leaders often work under the assumption that if everything is working fine, then there is no need to fix anything. Under this type of leader, there is no interest in change, and the employee will not feel any job satisfaction. The fourth leadership style is the transformational leader. This style of leadership is one that’s very appropriate in many corporate situations because of the wide range of abilities and approaches that are drawn upon. This style focuses on the leader and the employee working together for a common goal. This type of leader has a vision for the organization, and inspires employees to solve problems creatively in a way that provides support and encouragement without diminishing the nursing role (Kleinman, 2004). Transformational leaders have several traits that inspire the employee to utilize the strengths to improve the team, have better staff satisfaction, and reduce stress (Weberg, 2010). Transformational leaders are coaches, or mentors; they show respect, have empathy, and utilize individual leader skills to promote change. These leaders are very energetic and passionate about the job, and concerned about all staff in succeeding. These leaders set good examples, clear goals, and recognizes good work from the team. Transformational leaders should remain a part of the team and share in the work load to better understand the team’s viewpoint. With this leader style, there is a higher level of committed employees, reduced stress, and increased morale (Dunham Klafehn, 1990). This in turn creates an employee who will provide a positive outlook when change is taking place and increases employee job satisfaction. Application of Clinical Example A clinical example of when transformational leader style would work best is when an organization is going through a change process, such as the way report is given. Transformational leaders motivate staff to work towards a greater good and create a positive change (Dunham Klafehn, 1990). Many nurses don’t like change in the way care is provided, but when it’s important for patient safety change is inevitable.

The Physics Behind the Power of an Engine :: Physics Engine Essays

The Physics Behind the Power of an Engine Insert the key, turn, and vroom. And down the road you go. Most people take for granted the strange conglomeration of metal and plastic under that sheet of metal either in front or back of their vehicle. The engine as you may have guessed, is modern marvel- so to speak. They’re found in cars, trucks, boats, airplanes†¦All with various power outputs. To discuss the power output, first the cycles of the engine itself needs to be mentioned. 1.Intake: The intake valve opens allowing fresh oxygen rich air mixed with fuel to enter the cylinder. 2.Compression: The piston is pushed upward by the flywheel's momentum compressing the air/fuel mix. 3.Combustion: As the piston reaches the top of its stroke or TDC, the spark plug fires, igniting the mixture. Due to the high compression of this mixture it is very volatile and it explodes when the spark is introduced. This pushes the piston downward and produces power. 4.Exhaust: After the Air/Fuel mix has been burnt the remaining chemicals in the cylinder (water and CO2 for the most part) must be removed so that fresh air can be brought in. As the piston goes back up after combustion the exhaust valve opens allowing the exhaust gasses to be released. Ideally an engine takes in Air (Oxygen and Nitrogen) and fuel (hydrocarbons) and produces CO2, H2O, and the N2 just passes through. However under normal driving conditions an engine will encounter lean conditions when cruising on the highway (better mileage) and rich conditions when accelerating (better power). The lean condition results in oxide and harmful nitrogen production. Rich conditions result in carbon monoxide production. For this reason catalytic converters are used on an engine’s exhaust. The catalyst material in a cat is in a wire mesh or honeycomb. This allows a high surface area to be exposed to the passing exhaust gasses. The catalyst converts the harmful nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide into nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. Catalytic converters work best when warm, so some car manufacturers are putting "pre cats" in the exhaust manifold to convert the gasses while the exhaust system is still warming up. Engine output is measured in two ways. The first is a direct measurement of engine output: Torque. Torque is defined as the amount of mass that can be lifted a certain distance from the center of rotation. Torque is what accelerates a car.

Reaction Paper About UNICEF Cities Failing Children Essay

As a Filipino and youth of this country, I’ve appreciated UNICEF’s efforts in regards with the children who are in need. It is not easy to aggregate data of the country’s status just to check how are the citizens especially the children are treated and supported by the countries, particularly of their local governments or cities where they are settling. However, the report and data were compiled and reported by State of the World’s Children of UNICEF though it was an article, reported few years ago (March 7, 2012), still it makes me feel uncomfortable and burdened, knowing that many children are deprived of most basic services and necessities that actually they should have. In addition, UNICEF cited Philippines as an example of their article entitled, Cities Failing Children. The report states that children (Filipinos) who live in poor urban even other class of urban communities experience deprivations such as lack of decent housing and limited access to c lean water and they are more exposed to disaster risks and are also more prone to neglect, abuse, and exploitation. It proves that our government is not doing the part that they should be performing, like what we have learned from our previous lesson, Power of the State – the three inherent power of state specifically the police power, which states that it is the sovereign power to promote and protect the general welfare; it is the most pervasive and the least limitable of the three powers of the state, the most essential, consistent and illimitable which enables the State to prohibit all hurtful things to the comfort, safety and welfare of the society, these just become meaningless at all for in reality, this power is not being fully exercised and practiced by our government. In my opinion, our government should at least exert extra sympathy or attention with this kind of problems rather than to their own agendas and non-sense conflicts of their parties. I think it is not impossible for the Philippines to cure and solve this kind of problem if we just unite and our government stop their not-so-needed plans because I strongly believe that the true wealth of the nation is the children and next generation, but if this problem continues and will not be given attention, I assume that next coming years will be more hard to live for. Nevertheless, it’s not late to do something for this kind of problem it is just a matter of love, passion and honesty of our government and even of  us that are more blessed than them. Further, I never lose hope that one day Philippine government and possibly with the help of UNICEF, will use the power of the state to build and create a better future for our generation especially for those children deprived of their basic needs or even their basic rights and solve a lot of problem within these children. Therefore, as a Filipino informed of this matter, we should take responsibility to do something for our beloved country. I have learned that I should have not take for granted things that I have because almost half of our population are deprived of the basic needs that I already have. I don’t want to promise anything but I will try to do the best I can to serve and help our nation. Hoping that after few years, UNICEF’s report about Philippines even their report about the world will be better and be full of hope and great future for the people and most of all, for the children.

Essay on A Womans Struggle - 1373 Words

A Woman’s struggle Analysis The plague of male dominancy and female oppression has spread throughout time and cultures like a pandemic infection, targeting women. Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Daddy† and Janice Mirikitani’s â€Å"Suicide Note,† show the struggle and pain that oppressive forces perpetrated on women. Although, both speakers are oppressed the way they end the oppression and the cause of it are very different. Patriarchy has always existed, and it affects women all over the world. For example, banned bride abductions in Central Asia have continued to occur, and the women who resist abduction, risk death, or becoming ostracized from their country (Werner 2). â€Å"Suicide Note† by Janice Mirikitani is a poem that attempts to capture the thoughts†¦show more content†¦The speaker states, â€Å"This air will not hold me, the snow burdens my crippled wings† (45-46). The speaker describes herself as a fragile bird forced down by the snow because she is weak. The snow represents men keeping women suppressed, and the speakers crippled wings are what the years of oppression have done to her already. The speaker repeats these words several times, â€Å"not good enough, not pretty enough, not smart enough, not strong enough† (3, 8, 22, 30, 41, 48). Rearranged in different orders throughout the poem the repetition of similar word phrases induce an emotional response to the poem, and sets a sorrowful tone. The title of the poem â€Å"Suicide Note† predicts what will come of the speaker at the end of the poem, which is the act of committing suicide. The actual suicide stands for a bigger picture in the speakerâ⠂¬â„¢s life; for it is the only way, she can free herself from the harsh gender inequalities that haunt her every thought. The speaker becomes free from oppression, ridicule, pain, and suffering for the first time when she ends her life. Sylvia Plath’s poem â€Å"Daddy,† is about a girl who has lost her father at a young age, and since his death, she cannot stop thinking about him. The speaker appears to be Plath consumed in metaphors that resemble the way she feels about her father and former husband. Plath’s father passed away when she was only eight in the poem she states, â€Å"I was ten when they buried you. At twenty IShow MoreRelated Womans Struggle For Independence Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pages Womans Struggle for Independence Women have had to fight for there independence. They have been repressed for a long period of history. Only recently have women started to gain respect as equals and individuals. Even today women are still looked down upon for there sex. From the begging of history women have been viewed as a lesser sex. In the time Mesopotamia women we in charge of the children and the home. In Ancient Egypt women had no power or authority. Women were viewed as property. TheRead More A Womans Struggle Captured in The Yellow Wallpaper1088 Words   |  5 PagesA Womans Struggle Captured in The Yellow Wallpaper       Pregnancy and childbirth are very emotional times in a womans life and many women suffer from the baby blues.   The innocent nickname for postpartum depression is deceptive because it down plays the severity of this condition. Although she was not formally diagnosed with postpartum depression, Charlotte Perkins Gilman   (1860-1935) developed a severe depression after the birth of her only child (Kennedy et. al.   424).   UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1711 Words   |  7 Pagesended in 1920 the nineteenth amendment would not have happened. Many strong, notable women were part of this movement. Sisters: The lives of America’s Suffragists by Jean Baker and Century of Struggle: The woman’s Rights Movement in the United States by Eleanor Flexner both cover the issues and the struggle that lead to giving women their right to vote. The two books both discussed the issues but they did not convey the message the same way. While one book captivated one’s emotion and changed theRead MoreMirror by Sylvia Plath817 Words   |  3 Pagesclaims to reflect the truth, and by insinuation, the patriarchal perception of a woman’s existence, her value only as a beautiful entity, and her insignificance when she is no longer youthful and attractive. In contrast to the male’s classification of womanhood, which venerates be auty and youth, the persona looks inside to ascertain the true self, what she was as a person and what she has become, maturing by age. The woman’s separate identity and perception of self are, thus, in conflict with the stereotypeRead More Comparing Women in Lowell’s Patterns and Sorrell’s From a Correct Address1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe Struggle of Women in Lowell’s Patterns and Sorrell’s From a Correct Address       Woman is not born, feminist Andrea Dworkin wrote. She is made. In the making, her humanity is destroyed. She becomes symbol of this, symbol of that: mother of the earth, slut of the universe; but she never becomes herself because it is forbidden for her to do so. Dworkin’s quote relates to women throughout history who have been forced to conform. Although women can be regarded highly in society, representingRead MoreExploitation of Indian Culture1086 Words   |  5 Pages30 January 2008 Exploitation of Indian Culture Nora Naranjo-Morse’s poem, â€Å"Mud Woman’s First Encounter with the World of Money and Business† portrays the internal struggle of Mud Woman, a contemporary Native Indian woman attempting to balance the traditions and ideals of her native culture with the outside consumer culture. When Mud Woman sells her art to a outside gallery owner, she comes to a realization that she may be exacerbating the commercialization and exploitation of her own PuebloRead MoreMovie Review: Yentl1030 Words   |  5 Pagesof the Jewish womans eternal struggle. It is the story of a young girl, in love with learning but forbidden to do so by Jewish tradition. Upon her fathers death, Yentl disguises herself as a boy to attend a yeshiva (religious school) and continue her studies. She befriends Avigdor, a male scholar at the yeshiva, and falls in love with him. Driven by her love for him, Yentl will do all that she can to ensure that he is near her and that her secret is not revealed. Yentl struggles with her secretRead MoreFeminist Criticism of Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper1216 Words   |  5 Pagesin her works. She deals with the struggles and obstacles which women face in patriarchal society. Moreover, Gilman argues that marriages cause the subordination of women, because male is active, whereas female plays a domestic role in the marriage. Gilman also argues that the situation should change; therefore women are only able to accomplish full development of their identities. At this point, The Yellow Wallpaper is a crucial example that shows repressed woman’s awakening. It is a story of a womanRead MoreIn This Strange Labyrinth, by Mary Wroth663 Words   |  3 Pages Mary Wroth alludes to mythology in her sonnet â€Å"In This Strange Labyrinth† to describe a woman’s confused struggle with love. The speaker of the poem is a woman stuck in a labyrinth, alluding to the original myth of Theseus and the Minotaur. The suggestion that love is not perfect and in fact painful was a revolutionary thing for a woman to write about in the Renaissance. Wroth uses the poem’s title and its relation to the myth, symbolism and poem structure to communicate her message about theRead MoreWomen s Rights Of The Middle East901 Words   |  4 Pagessubjected to her husband. Women are also put below men on basically every aspect of life. A woman’s word or testimony is worth half of a man’s (Sura 2:282). If a woman were to be a witness in any case, a second woman would have to accompany her and recount the exact same thing. Finally, they are given half the inheritance of a man (Sura 4:11). These are only a few of all the laws that res trict a woman’s will in the Middle East. In the second book, Sultana’s Daughters, Sultana describes the restrictive